PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL
https://apsijournal.com/index.php/psyjournal
<p>'Psychological journal' is a peer-reviewed scientific review, published by<strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.apsciorg.fr/"> Association pour la Promotion des Sciences et des Innovations</a></span></strong> in conjunction with <strong><a href="http://psychology-naes-ua.institute/eng/">H. S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine</a></strong> from 2015 year, 12 times a year (from 2019).</p> <p>The scientific review is listed in Special edition of scientific professional publications of Ukraine (Resolution of the Ministry of Education of Ukraine № 409 of 17.03.2020, Annex 1), and it has The Certificate of state registration of the printed source of mass media in Ukraine (КВ № 24063-13903 ПР of 22.07.2019). Attributed ISSN is 2414-0023 for printed journal and 2414-004X for its electronic version.</p> <p>Editorial Board of the Collection consists of at least 42% of international members. The scientific review also publishes the authors with foreign affiliation.</p> <p>Program goals (basic principles) include the development and dissemination of scientific knowledge in the field of psychology. The collection of research papers is published for charitable purposes and intended for free distribution.</p> <p>The scientific review publishes materials, which cover problems of psychological science and practice, promote their wide distribution and overall development of psychological knowledge. The aim of publication is to provide a deeper integration and close cooperation between science and practice, promote the introduction of new scientific and applied research, publish papers of renowned and respected authors and also the papers of young researchers.</p>Інститут психології імені Г. С. Костюка Національної академії педагогічних наук Україниen-USPSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL2414-0023<p><strong>Copyright Notice</strong></p> <p>Articles in the Psychological Journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License International CC-BY that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. For more detailed information, please, fallow the link - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</p>EGO CONTOURS: THE IDEAL SELF WITHIN SELF-CONCEPT STRUCTURE OF SUICIDE-PRONE INDIVIDUALS
https://apsijournal.com/index.php/psyjournal/article/view/1579
<p>The article analyses the phenomenon of the Ideal Self within the Self-Concept structure, its impact on the functioning of consciousness and the development of suicidal motivation among individuals who are likely to engage in suicidal behavior. Two alternative theories of suicidal motivation are used to analyze possible modifications to a self-concept (Loss Theory versus Escape Theory). The subject and potential prerequisites for the emergence of cognitive deconstruction as a condition preceding a suicidal act were discussed. The functioning of consciousness in individuals who are prone to suicidal behavior is examined.</p> <p>It has been hypothesized that the type of suicidal motivation is potentially linked to the following parameters: cognitive style (field-dependence / field-independence), personal dispositions, existential attitude and structural specificity of the self-concept of one’s with the existing suicidal patterns.</p> <p>It has been suggested that the level of Ideal-Self representation within the structure of the self-concept allows to attribute the modification of the latter to one of two types: complication or simplification. The Ideal Self seems to set "The Ego’s Contours". An assessment of the level of representation of the self-ideal within the self-concept is an alternative to assessing only the level of self-esteem of suicidals (which is demonstrated by most studies of suicidality). The level of Ideal-Self representation provides a better understanding of the suicidal self-conceptualization when compared to self-esteem level.</p> <p>By analyzing theories of suicidal motivation, it is possible to categorize most suicidal cases into 2 broad motivational groups based on self-concept modification criteria (simplification or complication). The type of self concept modification to be assessed during a clinical interview. A questionnaire would be compiled if the suggested model proved justifiable.</p> <p>Further research may include a study of suicidal consciousness and its features. Based on discussed theories (Loss versus Escape) 2 alternative strategies of psychotherapeutic intervention will be suggested, if the model testing is successful.</p> <p> </p>Marina Pototska
Copyright (c) 2023 Marina Pototska
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2023-10-302023-10-3096406210.31108/1.2023.9.6.4DISTRESS AS A COMPONENT OF PATHOGENESIS OF COVID-19 DURING THE FIRST WAVES OF PANDEMIC
https://apsijournal.com/index.php/psyjournal/article/view/1578
<p>The need for psychological aid for a full recovery after COVID-19, primarily overcoming negative emotional consequences, anxiety disorders, which can increase the risk of developing fears, panic conditions, etc. relevant among the psychological research. The aim of our study was to investigate the self-assessment of the mental and somatic state of people who have had COVID-19. There are 104 respondents participated in the study, 81,7% of whom were women.</p> <p>Before disease own emotional state was assessed as “good” or “very good” by 71,1% of respondents: 44,2% and 26,9%, respectively. During the height of the illness, this percentage decreases dramatically, becoming 14,3%. Indexes of assessing one's own emotional state at the time of the survey increase, but do not reach the level observed before illness: 54,7% of respondents rated their condition as “good” (26,9%) and “very good” (27,8%). At the same time, during the height of the disease, 59,6% of the respondents rated their emotional state as “very bad”, “bad”, or “moderate”. Of these, 19,2% rated their emotional state as "very bad", 18,2% - “bad”, and 22,1% - “moderate”. Among the mental disorders at the time of illness, anxiety (62,5%), depression (51%), fear (of the future, death, infecting others) (47,1%), apathy (45,2%), mood swings (34,6%), loss of willpower (33,6%) have been prevailed. On the moment of the survey, mood swings (30,7%), depression (29,8%), anxiety (28,8%), apathy (19,2%) sudden unpleasant memories (19,2%), loss of willpower (18,2%) have been dominated.</p> <p>Among the somatic disorders which were present in participants during the disease increased tiredness (87,5%), physical weakness (86,5%), loss/changes in smell and/or taste (74%), sleep disorders (61,5%), deterioration of memory, attention, thinking, willpower (60,5%), loss of appetite (58,6%) had been prevailed. At the time of the survey, increased tiredness (50%), physical weakness (33,6%), deterioration of memory, attention, thinking, willpower (31,7%), and sleep disorders (26,9%) were still quite pronounced.</p> <p>Among the factors that helped respondents to recover from the illness, the first places belong to the decrease in stress and having more rest (66,3%), emotional support from family and friends (64,4%), receiving the right information about the disease, to understand what was going on, and having awareness about the ways of the disease overcoming (50%). A significant part of the respondents was helped by self-control over own thoughts and emotions such as meditation and prayers (40,4%) and the experience of other people's recovery (40,4%). For a certain part of people (26%), work with a psychologist or psychotherapist was useful to overcome COVID-19. Physical and breathing exercises were useful for 44,2% of our responders. Surprisingly, the last place in the disease overcoming belongs to ways of somatic health restoration, such as the use of medicines (18,3%).</p> <p>Our results suggest that the first waves of COVID-19 disease were characterized by a strong impact of distress which induced a high level of social tension, affected mental sphere, provoking anxiety and worries. Therefore, reduction in stress, support from friends and family, and receiving the right information about the disease played a greater role in recovery than medication.</p> <p> </p>Valentyna KurovskaOlga PodpalovaIhor Ohdanskyi
Copyright (c) 2023 Valentyna Kurovska, Olga Podpalova, Ihor Ohdanskyi
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2023-10-302023-10-3096253910.31108/1.2023.9.6.3POSITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF TEACHERS: RESTORATION OF THE INTEGRITY OF THE PERSONALITY
https://apsijournal.com/index.php/psyjournal/article/view/1577
<p>This article highlights the outcomes of applied research on " Psychological support of the professional activity of pedagogical workers in the conditions of global changes " conducted at the Ivan Zyazyun Institute of Pedagogical Education and Adult Education of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The study aimed to recognize signs of individual integrity breaches and determine methods to restore it.</p> <p>The research problem regarding morale restoration in psychological support is challenging to investigate, so the study employed experimental work, diagnostic interviews, observations, and self-assessment methods. Various instruments and techniques, such as hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), anxiety scale (HARS), depression scale (BDI), Wiesbaden questionnaire WIPPF, among others were utilized.</p> <p>The primary outcomes of the research reveal that a vast majority of the participants manifest indications of breaching their personality's moral integrity. Hence, there is a pressing need to not only prevent and overcome depression, anxiety, and panic attacks due to wars' aftermath relied on the subjects but as well as to rehabilitate one's moral integrity through positive psychotherapy means.The practical significance of the study is determined by the applied aspect of its results in relation to ensuring that pedagogical workers preserve the integrity of the individual and health; decrease in general emotional load; increasing the resourcefulness of the individual.The results of the research are taken into account and used: in complex psychotherapeutic work in the methods of positive psychotherapy and hypnotherapy; group training in the techniques of mental self-regulation, psychological self-help, and can also be useful for workers in helping professions in working with people affected by the war.</p> <p> </p>Olena IgnatovychOksana IvanovaYevheniia Ivanova
Copyright (c) 2023 Olena Ignatovych, Oksana Ivanova, Yevheniia Ivanova
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2023-10-302023-10-3096162410.31108/1.2023.9.6.2THE PROBLEM OF MOTIVATING EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF SENIOR PRESCHOOL STUDENTS WITH COGNITIVE DISORDERS OF DEVELOPMENT
https://apsijournal.com/index.php/psyjournal/article/view/1576
<p>The article reveals the issue of psychological readiness of children to study at school. The aim of the article is to reveal the issue of psychological readiness of preschoolers with cognitive development disorders to study at school. In the research, in order to achieve the set goal and reveal the topic, methods of search, analysis, systematization and generalization of the researched material were used. The psychology of motivation of the IX and XX centuries is investigated. It is proved that in the middle of the IX century the subject, limits and specifics of the psychology of motivation were studied in the context of behavioral psychology, and in the XX century the field of motivation studies acquires wider boundaries and is actually distributed between socio-cognitive psychology.</p> <p>The leading role of motivational readiness is determined, which is decisive in the successful learning and adaptation of the child to school. Psychological and pedagogical researches on the specified problems are analyzed. The motives (external -getting a good grade, increasing their prestige, avoiding trouble, etc. and internal -educational and cognitive), which determine the educational activities of preschoolers. It was found that the child's readiness for learning is characterized by its weak focus on a positive attitude to school, low interest in the content and learning process.</p> <p>It has been determined that due to the immaturity of the cortical parts of the brain, which are often combined with local lesions of the brain structures and are characterized by heterogeneity and polymorphism of disorders of the emotional-volitional and cognitive spheres. It has been identified generalized classification features, which are characteristic of one or another group of children with impaired cognitive development: a combination of a low level of intellectual productivity with a low level of cognitive activity, delayed mental development, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</p> <p>Tasks aimed at further study of motivational readiness for learning of preschoolers with cognitive impairments are outlined. Thus, the study shows that the motivation to learn in children with cognitive impairment is not formed. Readiness for educational activities is characterized by a weak orientation of the child to a positive attitude to school, low interest in the content and learning process. Due to the violation of the development of cognitive processes in preschoolers there are difficulties in the process of cognitive and educational activities.</p> <p> </p>Kseniia Buzhynetska
Copyright (c) 2023 Kseniia Buzhynetska
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2023-10-302023-10-309671510.31108/1.2023.9.6.1SUBJECTS OF ENVY AMONG YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN: CONTEXTS OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR
https://apsijournal.com/index.php/psyjournal/article/view/1574
<p>This article explores the propensity for deviant behavior and the objects of envy among young men and women. Specifically, it examines the following aspects:</p> <p>Appearance: Young individuals often experience jealousy regarding each other's physical appearance, clothing, hairstyle, and more. Envy of attractive attributes may drive both genders to engage in deviant behaviors, such as resorting to drug use or alcohol abuse to achieve these attributes.</p> <p>Social Status: Envy can also revolve around social status, encompassing factors like popularity, academic or athletic success, and group affiliations. Envious feelings related to these aspects may lead to deviant behaviors, including the use of violence or manipulation to attain desired status.</p> <p>Material Goods: Material possessions can be a focal point of envy, motivating young people to engage in theft, deceit, or illicit activities to acquire them.</p> <p>Power and Control: Envy of power and control may serve as another motivator for deviant behavior. For instance, the desire to wield power can lead to attempts to control others or resort to violence to achieve personal objectives.</p> <p>Deviant behaviors often stem from envy, as individuals may seek to obtain desired objects or statuses through wrongful means. For instance, a young man envious of a successful classmate may resort to grade forgery or cheating to attain similar success. Jealousy can also trigger conflicts and violence among individuals. For example, two girls envious of each other's attractiveness or popularity may engage in efforts to undermine each other's lives or even resort to physical aggression.</p> <p>The primary objective of this article is to identify the principal psychological and legal characteristics of envy among male and female students within the context of deviant behavior. The article's objectives include assessing the level of envy among male and female cadets and exploring gender-specific relationships between deviant behavior and envy across various subject areas. It is essential to note that envy alone is not the sole cause of deviant behavior; rather, it is one of several factors influencing young individuals and motivating them to engage in unlawful acts. Additional factors, such as inadequate social support, low self-esteem, or negative environmental influences, also significantly contribute to the development of deviant behavior.</p> <p>In conclusion, this study underscores that envy is not a moral sentiment and highlights the centrality of feelings of inferiority in the experience of envy. Moreover, gender differences in envy, prevalent among youth, tend to diminish as individuals mature.</p> <p> </p>Iryna NechitayloNatalia Miloradova
Copyright (c) 2023 Iryna Nechitaylo, Natalia Miloradova
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2023-05-302023-05-3096525710.31108/1.2023.9.5.5